Nozzle intended for use in disintegrating apparatus



July 7,1925. 5 1,545,253

E. J. HALL NOZZLE INTENDED FOR USE IN DISINTEGRATING APPARATUS Original Filed March 25 1919 A lllllllllllli III Patented duly 'l, 1925- i UNITED" STA-res.

nvnanrr a. HALL, OF rnssuc, NEW-JERSEY, n ssrcmon r METALS msmrneanriue comm, me, or new YORK, N. Y., A conroanrron or NEW YORK.

NOZZLE INTENDED FOR USE IN DISINTEGRATING APPARATUS.

Application filed. March 25, 1919, Serial No. 285,002. Renewed October 30, 1922. Serial No. 598,013.

To all whom it may concern:

New Jersey, have invented certain new and' useful Improvements in Nozzles Intended for Use in Disintegrating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to theconstruction of nozzles intended for use in disintegrating apparatus of the sort shown in my copending applications Serial Nos. 208,166,

a 208,165 and 117,161. In such apparatus the nozzle.

moulten metal or material issues from a nozzle and is disintegrated by the force of a jet of steam or other fluid which surrounds In some cases the foree'of the disintegrating blast is utilized also to create a suction whereby the moulten metal or material is caused to issue from the nozzle. In all cases however, in accordance with my present invention, it is desirable) that the blast should strike the issudisintegratin moulten metal upon converging stream 0 ing lines, and it is also desirable that theissumg stream .of moulten metal or mater1al,.

before it is attacked by the-disintegrating blast, should be spread out intoa film, which passes transversely off of the face of the nozzle into the path of the disintegrating last. 7

In additionto attaining the desired fineness and uniformity and maximum produc- 'tion, the present invention contemplates a construction of 'nozzle in which there is pro-Q vided a refractory lining for the nozzle which will withstand the solvent action of the liquid metals or' materials passingthrough it and in which the leaka e of steam or disintegrating fluid ,backwar ybetween the outer nozzle casing and the inner refrac tory lining, is prevented.

more or lessbroad than those stated above, togetherwith the advantages inherent, will be in part obvious and in part specifically referred to in the course of the following description, of the elements, combinations,

arrangements of parts, and applications of principles constituting the invention; and the scope of protection contemplated Wlll appear from the claims.

- In the accompanying drawing the figure illustratesa form of apparatus including a nozzl e made in accordance with my mventual practice.

. nozzle Other objects and alms of the invention,

tion which I have found satisfactory in ac Referring to ing, there is shown at 1 a tubular member preferably ofmetal which providesa condu1 t for the moulten metal or material WhlCh s to be disintegrated. This conduit 1 may be in one piece and all metal through- 15,253 PATENT OFFICE.

the numerals on the drawout, but for reasons hereinafter explained, it

is desirable in many cases that it should have an interior lining of suitable refractory ma terial, indicated bythe numeral 2. In any case the nozzle Wlll have a discharge open ing indicated by the numeral 3 which will a be 0f sufficient diameter to allow the moulten metal or material to flow through readily without clogging, but not so much that more metal will flow through than can be properly disintegrated. The end of the nozzle surrounding the discharge opening 3 1s preferably concaved as indicated at 4, and

along this concaved face the issuing stream of moulten metal or material spreads, until it reaches the sharp edge 5 at the side of the nozzle where it is attacked by the disintegrating blast. The disintegrating blast issues from a steamring 6 surrounding the forward end portion of the nozzle and deandthe inner wall of an aperturedplate 7,

"fined between the outer wall of the nozzle which is held in position relatively to the nozzle substantially as shown in the drawing-,ihat is to say with the top of the plate ow the discharge end of the nozzle. Theoutside wall of the nozzle tip, indicated by the reference character 8, is preferably anled as shown, and the surrounding, inner wall of the plate 7 is also angled, so that the steam or 'disintegratin blast will'issue from .thespace. 6 on all si es of the nozzle and converging towards the axial line of the The tip of the nozzle beingoutside of and beyond the steam orifice, the disintegrated metal or material is blown ofi into space; there is nothing p for the materialto strike against and build up, no'ris there any obstruction for it to hide behind and thereby escape the full action of the-steam. A concave construction of the end face 4 of, the

nozzle has been found to be very satisfactory,

' preferably with an angle of about fifteen degrees to a plane passing transversely through the plug. The same sort of-action can'be obtained even with a convex face 4,

so long as the angle is not so acute, with reference to the side wall, as to permit the disintegrating blast to travel along the face 4 towards the central aperture 3, which of course would result in a more restricted flow of material from the aperture 3. I have found that with the concave arrangement of the face 4 at an angle of fifteen-degrees as stated, and with the face 8 disposed at'an angle of about thirty-fivedegrees to the axis of the nozzle, very'good results are secured. The device shown in the drawing is an em- I bodiment in which the lower end of the nozzle is extended directly. into the moulten metal or material, in order to decrease the amount of travel of the metal or material, and particularly in order to keep the nozzle properly heated without'the need for applying additional heat over and above that w ichv is stored in the moulten metal supply. Thereforethe steam or disinte ating blast issuing from the space Q shou (I generate only a 4 moderate suction, otherwise there will be a larger supply of metal or material drawn out from the aperture 3 than can be properly finely disintegrated. The strength of this suction may be varied (other factors remaining uniform), by varying the angle of the outside wall 8 of the nozzle. By

gration of moulten zinc a two or three inch lift of the metal from the reservoir'to the discharge outlet of the nozzle, with a oneeighth inch dischar e opening 3 and a thirtyfive degree angle 0 the face 8, and a fifteen degree angle of the face 4, gives satisfactory results, in' that the opening 3 is large enough so that it does not readily clog up and the supply of metal forced through it is such as can be uniformly and finely dlsintegrated by the disintegrating blast.

It seems impossible to obtain a metal that will withstand the solvent-action of all other m'oulten metals or materials, and therefore it is desirable in some cases to provide the nozzle with a refractory lining like that indicated b the numeral 2. Soapstone may be used or this purpose because it can be turned't'rue and does not warp unduly if carefully burned; -When such a refractory lining is used the forward end thereof will --be provided with' the discharge opening 3 and with the end spreader face 4, and the forward end of this refractory lining will extend beydnd the forward end of the metal part of ca'sln its outside 1 of the nozzle and will have orward end, indicated at 9, beveled on an angle to'correspond with the 1 angle of the outside angular face 8 of the metal casing. Andin order that there may be no leakage of steam into the joint between the forward end of the metal casing and the protruding end of the refractory lining, this Joint will be located outwardly beyond the steam ring, that is to say, the forward end of way of' illustration, I have found that for disintethe metal part of the nozzle will extend outwardly beyond the outer face of the plate 7 as shown in-the drawing. If this joint between the metal part of the nozzle and the refractory lining were located inside the steam space 6 the steam under pressure might leak into the space outside the refractory lining and find its way downwardly into the moulten metal with undesirable results. With the joint located as it is however the issuing steam begins to expand as soon as it passes beyond the plane of the outer face of plate 7 and exerts no very great pressure at the junction of lining and casing. Inwardly the re'fractorylining may be turned to form as shown, and outwardly it'is cylindrical for the most part so that it may be readily inserted into and removed from the steel shell 1, the latter of course givin the necessary strength to the structure. T e outer end of the refractory lining must extend beyond the outer end of the metal casing, because if the the line of junction between the casing and the lining corresponded with the intersection of the angles of the faces 4 and 8, the extreme end of the casing would be eaten ofl',

giving a' bad edge and consequently bad results.-

I claim I I 1. A nozzle of the kind described for use in disintegrating molten metals and the like, comprising a m tal casin and a refractory lining'extending outwar y beyond the end disposed at an acute angle to the line of.- extension of the nozzle, and the bore of the nozzle being vacant, and unobstructed at its discharge end, and a blast ring surrounding the end of the nozzle and beyond which the end of the nozzle extends outwardly, substantially as 'set forth.

3. An apparatusfor disintegrating molten metal and the like, including anozzle circular'in cross section having at its outer end a bore for the passageof metal and an extensive spreader-face end surfacesurrounding and distinct from" and beyond the bore, and having also a side wall disposed at an acute angle to the line of extension of the nozzle and the bore of the nozzle being vacant, and unobstructed at its discharge end, and a blast ring surrounding the end of the nozzle and beyond which the end of the nozzle extends outwardly, substantially as set forth.

4. An apparatus for disintegrating molten metal and the like, including a nozzle hav- 1,545,253 I l a' ing at its outer end a bore for the passage discharge end, and: an open blast rin surof metal and an extensive spreader-face end rounding the end of the nozzle, provi ing a surface surrounding and distinct from and continuous circular outlet for the disinte- 10 beyond the bore and havin also a side wall g g b disposed at an acute ang e to the line of In testimony whereof I aflix my g a r extension of the nozzle, and the bore of the I nozzle being vacant, and unobstructed at its EVERETT J. HALL. 

